By:
Mohd. Rehan Siddiqui
http://www.scientificnatureofquran.wapath.com
http://www.mrehan.wapath.com
Date: March 12, 2010 C.E
online version date: April 23, 2010 C.E


*---**---**---**---**---*



CONTENTS:

1 ) HISTORICAL MEASUREMENTS
2 ) SPEED OF LIGHT IN HOLY QUR'AN
a ) < i > SPEED ("...AFFAIR")
< ii > DISTANCE ("...1000 YEARS OF WHAT YOU COUNT")
< iii > TIME ("...ONE DAY")
b ) SPEED OF LIGHT ( c ) = 12000 LUNAR ORBITS / EARTH DAY


*---**---**---**---**---*



1 ) HISTORICAL MEASUREMENTS


Before the 17th century scientists beleived that there was no such thing as the "Speed of light" . They thought that light could travel any distance in no time at all.
Later several attempts were made to measure that speed :

"1667 C.E. : AT LEAST 10 TIMES FASTER THAN SOUND"

In 1667 C.E , Galileo is often credited with being the first scientist to try to determine the speed of Light. (Was He the 1st one or not ? Wait till the mystery is unlocked)
Galileo deduced that Light travels at least 10 times faster than sound.


"1675 C.E. : 200,000 km/sec"


In 1675 C.E., the Danish astronomer, Ole Roemer deduced that light travels at 200,000 km/sec.


1728 C.E. : 301,000 km/sec

In 1728 C.E., James Bradley, an english physicist, estimated the speed of light in vacuum to be around 301,000 km/sec.


"1849 C.E. : 313,300 km/sec"

In 1849 C.E., a French physicist, Hippolyte Louis Fizean , measured the speed of light to be 313,300 km/sec.


"1862 C.E. : 299,796 km/sec"

In 1862, Another French physicist, Leon Foucault , determined that light traveled at 299,796 km/sec.


"TODAY: 299792.458 km/sec"

299792.458 km/sec is the speed of light "in vacuum" . This precious value for speed is the latest step in a long history of measurements ending in the 1983 (october, 21) when it was accepted in the conference of Paris for the measurements. According to Einstein special theory of relativity, this speed of light remains constant in all "INERTIAL" Frame of references.


"610 C.E. : 12000 LUNAR ORBITS PER EARTH DAY"


In 610 C.E., a man claimed to have received revelation from God.
"SAY: I AM ONLY A MORTAL LIKE YOU: IT IS REVEALED TO ME THAT YOUR GOD IS ONE ALLAH, THEREFORE WHOEVER HOPES TO MEET HIS LORD, HE SHOULD DO GOOD DEEDS, AND NOT JOIN ANY ONE IN THE SERVICE OF HIS LORD. "

"That man was MUHAMMED (peace be upon him)"
"The revelation is THE HOLY QUR'AN"

1400 YEARS ago it was stated in The Qur'an (Book of Islam) that ANGELS (Allah created the angels originally from light) travel in one day the same distance that the moon travel in one thousand lunar yers, that is, 12000 LUNAR ORBITS/EARTH DAY.

Outside gravitational field (that is in inertial frame of reference) 12000 LUNAR ORBITS/EARTH DAY TURNED OUT TO BE THE KNOWN SPEED OF LIGHT !

Today, the great astronomers, scientists, physicists etc came to the conclusion that the speed of light is 299,792.458 km/sec in the "INERTIAL" frame of reference (i.e outside gravitational field) BUT 1400 YEARS AGO, How could an unlettered (person who don't know , how to read or write) man who lives in the deserts of arabia in an unlettered community figured out the speed of light to be 12000 LUNAR ORBITS/EARTH DAY which is outsite the gravitational field turned out to be the known speed of light ???

DOES THIS NOT PROVED WHAT HE (PEACE BE UPON HIM) CLAIMED THAT HE (PEACE BE UPON HIM) RECEIVED REVELATION FROM GOD ???

CAN ANYONE PROVE US WRONG ?


*---**---**---**---**---*



2 ) SPEED OF LIGHT IN HOLY QUR'AN

BehinD A GreaT VersE Of ThE MIRACULOUS HOLY QUR'AN , TherE Is A HiddeN SignaL To ThE SpeeD Of LighT. RecentlY ThaT SignaL WaS DiscovereD By ScientistS :

ALLAH SAYS :
In the Holy Qur'an , Surah Al - Sajdah (Prostration) Surat No. (Chapter) : 32 Ayat No. (verse) : 5

"(ALLAH) RULES THE COSMIC AFFAIR FROM THE HEAVENS TO THE EARTH. THEN THIS AFFAIR TRAVELS TO HIM A DISTANCE IN ONE DAY, AT A MEASURE OF ONE THOUSAND YEARS OF WHAT YOU COUNT."


DO YOU SEE THE EQUATION ?

SPEED = DISTANCE / TIME

"..AFFAIR" = "...ONE THOUSAND YEARS OF WHAT YOU COUNT" / "...ONE DAY"



( a ) < i > SPEED (AFFAIR)

It is the angels who execute Allah's orders (Qur'an 79:5). The Qur'an and all the instructions to all Angels were inscribed on a preserved tablet (which is somewhere in outer space). Angels commute to and from this tablet to get their orders from Allah and not from Allah's throne. The angels were originaly made of Light and the speed at which they commute to and from this tablet turned out to be the known speed of Light. (The preserved tablet is itself outside gravitational fields)

According to Einstein special theory of relativity, the speed of Light (i.e. 299792.458 km/sec) remains constant in all "INERTIAL" frame of references. That is in "NON-INERTIAL" frame, the speed of light would not be 299792.458 km/sec. That is the speed of light would be different in different "NON-INERTIAL" frame of references.

Our solar system is a "NON-INERTIAL" Frame because of the presence of gravitational force of the sun. From Newton's second law, if force exists implies acceleration exists. An "inertial" frame means "NON-ACCELERATING" Frame which implies that "ACCELERATING" Frame means "NON-INERTIAL" frame. Therefore our solar system is a non-inertial frame and the speed of light would not be constant in our solar system.


< ii > DISTANCE ("...1000 YEARS OF WHAT YOU COUNT")

Muslim calender is based on the Lunar system. So these 1000 years are the 1000 Lunar years. Angels moves at that speed, that they cover distance in one dat that the moon cover in 1000 Lunar years. People also measure the distance by how much time they needed to walk. For example : a village three days away meant a distance equivalent to walking to walking for three days. One Lunar year consists of 12 Lunar month. And one lunar month is the orbit of the the moon around the earth.
Hence, Allah is saying that angels travel in one day the same distance that the moon travel in 12000 Lunar orbits.

We have to calculate the speed of light in a inertial frame of reference. For this we have to remove the effect of sun's gravity on the earth-moon system.
Therefore we will use sidereal year, sidereal month and sidereal day instead of synodic one in our calculation.

Sidereal year means year with respect to stars.
Synodic year means year with respect to sun.

One sidereal year = 365 days , 6 hours , 9 minutes and 9.5 seconds
= 365.25636 days
= 31558149.5 seconds

One sidereal month = 27 days , 7 hours , 43 minute , 11.5 seconds
= 27.32166088 days
= 2360591.5 seconds

One synodic day = 24 hours = 86400 seconds


CALCULATION FOR SIDEREAL DAY :

[SIDEREAL YEAR / SYNODIC DAY] + 1 = [SIDEREAL YEAR / SIDEREAL DAY]

put the values :

[ 31558149.5 / 86400 ] + 1 = [ 31558149.5 / SIDEREAL DAY ]

[ 365.25636 + 1 ] = [ 31558149.5 / SIDEREAL DAY ]

[ 366.25636 / 31558149.5 ] = [ 1 / SIDEREAL DAY ]

1.160576161 * [ 1 / 100000 ] = [ 1 / SIDEREAL DAY ]

Therefore ,

ONE SIDEREAL DAY = 86164.09966 SECONDS


The velocity contains both magnitude and direction. In the isolated earth-moon system, the moon's velocity comes again to the original direction each cycle around the earth. But actualy its direction is changed with respect to the stars from the original one by an angle " ¤ " each cycle around the earth due to the simultaneous motion around the sun.






The moon's direction in space is changed with respect to stars from the original one by the same angle ¤ each cycle around the earth.

Therefore ,
¤ = [ 360 * SIDEREAL MONTH ] / [ SIDEREAL YEAR ]
= [ 360 * 27.32166088 ] /[ 365.25636 ]
¤ = 26.92847817
cos ( ¤ ) = 0.8915725423

Let " V " be the velocity of the moon.
Therefore, pure velocity of moon outside the gravitational field of sun,
V' = V * cos ( ¤ )




The velocity of the moon is not constant. NASA measured the instantaneous velocity of the moon at various points throughout its orbit. These measurements show that the velocity of the moon varies considerably ( from 3470 km/hr up to 3873 km/hr ) . Which means that the moon accelerates and decelerates continuously. The average lunar velocity is around 3682.8 km/hour (around 1.023 km/sec)
Therefore,
V = 1.022794272 km/sec (about 1.023 km/sec)

Therefore,
V' = V * cos ( ¤ )
= V * cos ( 26.92847817 )
= 1.022794272 * 0.8915725423
V' = 0.9118952893 km/sec

LUNAR ORBIT = LUNAR VELOCITY * LUNAR MONTH
= V' * LUNAR MONTH
= 0.9118952893 * 2360591.5

LUNAR ORBIT = 2152612.269 km

DISTANCE = 12000 LUNAR ORBITS
= 12000 * 2152612.269
DISTANCE = 2.583134723 * 10000000000 km


< iii > TIME ("...ONE DAY..")

The arabic word used in this Qur'anic verse is "YAUM" , Which besides meaning a day also means a long period or an epoch or jurt a period of any length. ( ALLAH KNOWS THE BEST ).
Our objective is to understand the Qur'anic signal about the speed of light, therefore we took "yaum" as a "day".
Their may be many other scientific facts or signs in this Verse which due to the limited knowledge of science , we are not able to find now, which, if Allah wills we may learn in future.
( Such that , their may be many signs in that verse about another high cosmic speeds )

Therefore,
TIME = ONE SIDEREAL DAY = 86164.09966 SECONDS


( B ) SPEED OF LIGHT ( c ) = 12000 LUNAR ORBITS / EARTH DAY


SPEED OF LIGHT ( c ) = 12000 LUNAR ORBITS / EARTH DAY

= [ 12000 * 2152612.269 ] / [ 86164.09966 ] km/sec

[ c = 299792.458 km/sec ]

THIS IS EXACTLY THE KNOWN VALUE TODAY FOR THE SPEED OF LIGHT !!!

MUSLIMS ASK HOW COULD AN UNLETTERED MAN ( PROPHET. MUHAMMED , PEACE BE UPON HIM ) WHO LIVED 1400 YEARS AGO HAVE FIGURED OUT THE THREE-BODY PROBLEM, SPEED OF LIGHT AND GENERAL RELATIVITY ???

DOES THIS NOT PROVES THAT HE ( PEACE BE UPON HIM ) IS THE LAST MESSENGER OF GOD AND HOLY QUR'AN IS THE WORD OF GOD ??? THINK OVER IT !